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May Day Posted: 02 May 2012 09:24 PM PDT May Day was born from a series of working class struggle to gain control of the political economy of industrial rights. Development of industrial capitalism in the early 19th century marks a drastic change in political economy, especially in capitalist countries in Western Europe and the United States. Pengintensifan tightening discipline and working hours, minimum wages and poor working conditions at the plant level, gave birth to the resistance of the working class. The first strike of the working class in the United States occurred in 1806 by workers Cordwainers. This strike brought the pengorganisirnya to court and also raised the fact that the working class in the era of the work of 19 to 20 hours a day. Since then, the struggle to demand direduksinya hours of work on the agenda with the working class in the United States. There are two people that is considered to have contributed an idea to honor the workers, Peter McGuire and Matthew Maguire, machine worker from Paterson, New Jersey. In 1872, McGuire and 100 thousand workers went on strike demanding a decrease in hours worked. He went on talking with the workers and the unemployed, lobbied city government to provide jobs, and overtime pay. McGuire became known as "disturbing the public tranquility". In 1881, McGuire moved to St. Petersburg. Louis, Missouri, and began to organize carpenters. Finally founded a union which consists of a carpenter in Chicago, with McGuire as Secretary General of the "United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America". The idea of ​​organizing workers according to their trades spread around the country. McGuire and workers in other cities planned a holiday for workers in every first Monday in September in between Independence Day and Thanksgiving Day. On 5 September 1882, the first Labor Day parade was held in New York City with 20 thousand participants carrying banners that read eight hours work, eight hours rest, eight hours recreation. Maguire and McGuire played a key role in organizing this parade. In subsequent years, the idea is spreading and all states celebrated. In 1887, Oregon became the first state to make it a public holiday. In 1894. Presider Grover Cleveland signed a law that made the first week of September the official national public holiday. First International Congress held in September 1866 in Geneva, Switzerland, attended by various elements of workers' organizations around the world. Congress establishes a requirement to reduce working hours to eight hours a day, the previous (still in the same year) has been carried out at the U.S. National Labour Union: As these limits represent the general demands of the U.S. working class, the changing demands of the congress is a common ground the working class around the world. One may set as the world's working class struggle in Congress in 1886 by the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions to, in addition to the demands of the moment eight hours a day, giving a new spirit of working class struggle which reached a massive in that era. May 1 was chosen because in 1884 the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions, inspired by the success of the action of workers in Canada in 1872, requires eight hours of work in the United States and put into effect from May 1, 1886. Haymarket events On May 1, 1886, about 400 thousand workers in the United States held a massive demonstration. They are demanding a reduction in working hours to eight hours a day. This action lasted for four days from May 1. On May 4, 1886, the protesters marched a large scale. American police then opened fire on the demonstrators that killed hundreds of people and their leaders were arrested and then sentenced to death, the workers who died is known as a martyr. Before the events of May 1 that, in many countries, there are also labor strikes to demand fairer treatment from the owners of capital. The World Socialist Congress In July 1889, the World Socialist Congress held in Paris set the events in the U.S. on May 1st as the day workers of the world and passed a resolution containing: A large international action should be organized on a specific day in which all countries and cities at the same time, on a day mutually agreed, all the workers demanded that the government is legally reduce working hours to 8 hours per day, and carry out all the results Congress of the International Labour France. This resolution received a warm welcome from many different countries and since 1890, dated May 1, termed the May Day, celebrated by workers in many countries, despite strong pressure from their government. (ULF) by:Wikipedia

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